Method and means for waving hair



Filed Aug. 5, 1957 METHOD AND MEANS FOR WAVING HAIR 't f V'fr/Z/ ffl IlDec. 6, 1938.

Patented Dec. 6, 1938 r'irrieztrr OFFICE METHOD AND MEANS FOR WAVINGHAIR Michel Beck,

Application August 5,

5 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in a methodand means for wavinghair in the present day electrically heated permanent wave machines andso-called machineless permanents.

At the present time it is general practice in imparting the so-calledpermanent wave to hair to space the hair into strands, draw a strandthrougha slit in a rubber spacer or protector until the protector isagainst the scalp, place a clip about the strand close to the protector,andbeginning with the free ends of the hair wrap the strand about ametal rod or spindle, the ends of which, as the wrapping progressesadjacent the c lip, will be received and held by arms extending from theclip.` A solution-is applied to the strand of hair either before orafter wrapping to moisten the hair and to impart to it the property ofretaining the curl after the apparatus has been removed. An electricheater of commercial form .is then applied-to heat the strand curledupon the spindle. The length of time the heater remains attached to theclip depends upon the character of the hair and the degrees of heatfurnished by the heater.' The heater is then re- 2\.moved and the hairallowed to cool before the spindle, clip and protector are removed and aso-called permanent wave is imparted to that strand. The process'is thenrepeated with the other spaced strands until the desired wave has beenimparted.

In following out the general method above described, it has been foundthat the usual solutions, of which there are many, contain ammonia as abase. The ammonia in such solutions not only reacts with the metal ofthe rod or spindle upon the application of heat to impart a greenishyellow cast to white hair but also makes all hair dry, lifeless andbrittle.

It is an object of this invention to not only treat the hair with asolution which will not produce such undesirable qualities but also toemploy a spindle or rod which will not react with the solution, so thatwhite hair will preserve its natural color after such treatment, and allhair will preserve its natural elasticity.

Since the method hereinafter described follows the usual permanent wavetreatment now used and employs the usual permanent wave apparatus withthe exception that the spindle or rod is formed of a particularmaterial, but not otherwise differing in construction from the customaryrod or spindle, as shown in the accompanying drawing.

In the drawing:

Winnetka, Ill. 1937, serial No. 157,544

Figure l is a View in front elevation of a spindle employed in carryingout this invention.

Figure 2 is a view in longitudinal section, taken on the line 2-2 ofFigurel, looking in the direction of the arrows.

Figure 3 is a view in transverse Section, taken on the line 3--3 ofFigure 1, looking in the direction of the arrows.

In carrying out this improved method, a spindle of white, close-grained,strong textured fibrous material, such as the wood of the maple tree,saturated with Russian mineral oil is substituted for the customaryspindle in a permanent wave apparatus, and a solution containing notless than eight (8) -to ten (10) per cent of Russian mineral oil isemployed. y

The success of this improved process depends upon the combined effectsproduced by the application of heat to the strand of hair treated, ashereinafter described, with Russian mineral oil wound upon a spindle offibrous material saturated with the same oil. Therefore, prior toinitial use each spindle or rod is immersed from three (3) to five (5)minutes in boiling Russian mineral oil so as to be thoroughly saturatedwhen used and similarly treated from time to time thereafter as may befound necessary to maintain the saturated condition.

After the scalp has been divided into strands of hair and the spacer andclip have been placed about a strand as above described, this improvedmethod includes the following steps. Russian mineral oil is firstapplied to the ends of the hair for about a half an inch and theimproved solution, containing approximately ten per cent (10%) ofRussian oil, is applied to the body of the strand of hair and thestrand, so treated, rolled from the end toward the scalp on theoilsoaked wooden roller; a pad soaked in the said solution is thenapplied about the roller strand; and any desired type of commercialelectric heater is secured about the pad and rolled strand. The lengthof time of the application of heat depends upon the character of thehair, usually taking from five (5) to ten (10) minutes. The heater isthen removed and the hair so treated is allowed to cool completelybefore the rod or spindle is removed from the hair. The hair is found tobe glossy and shiny and damp and is ready, after a rinsing in coldwater, for the usual nger wave treatment.

The oil saturated fibrous rod produces no chemical reaction with thesolution when heat is applied to the strand wrapped thereabout and 55therefore White hair does not become discolored by this improvedtreatment.

'I'he fibrous rod when Wrapped with a stand of hair and the padsaturated with the oil solution when heat is applied does not absorb theheat as in the case of a metal rod, and the solution if volatilized bythe application of the heat leaves the oil base within the strand ofhair so that not only will the ends of the strand, but the entire bodybe soft and moist when the heater is removed. The result is that whenthe strand has completely cooled, been washed, and the usual nger waveimparted, the hair will be its natural color, as well as soft, silky,oily, elastic, glossy, and naturally wavy.

A fibrous rod or spindle saturated with the mineral oil upon therepeated applications of heat and the long periods between when the rodor spindle is exposed to dry air, such as a rod or spindle for thispurpose is subjected to in a beauty parlor, would soon dry out and expelthe contained oil so` that it would become necessary to continuallyresaturate it. As the ends of the hair, which are in contact with thebrous rod or spindle when the strand is wound about the spindle or rod,are saturated with the Russian mineral oil before winding and heat isapplied during the progress of the treatment a portion of the oilcontained in the hair is absorbed between the bers of the rod or spindleand thereby assists in maintaining its saturated condition. The rod orspindle and the hair in contact therewith are both oily, or contain oil,and the solution contained ln the remainder of the strand and in thepad, while containing ingredients necessary to impart the qualitiesnecessary to a successful wave, also contain an oil base so that uponthe application of heat the oil permeates all of the hairs contained inthe strand under treatment.

Metal rods or spindles are a much greater conductor of heat than thoseof fibrous material so that the heat absorbed from the heater at theends of the rod or spindle and then conducted to the portion wrappedwith the hair is not as great in the brous rod as in the metal rod withthe result that the heat is more evenly distributed through the strandwrapped upon the brous rod or spindle producing a wave of longer lifethan that resulting from the usual treatment.

What I claim is:

1. The method of treating hair to produce a permanent wave consisting inthe wrapping of a separated strand of hair treated with an oil solutionabout a rod or spindle saturated with oil, land applying heat.

2. The method of treating hair to produce a permanent wave consisting inthe wrapping of a separated strand of hair treated with solutioncontaining mineral oil about a rod of brous material saturated with amineral oil, applying a pad saturated with said solution thereabout, andapplying heat.

3. The method of treating hair to produce a permanent Wave consisting inapplying mineral oil to the ends of the hair of a separated strand,applying a solution containing approximately ten per cent (10%) ofmineral oil to the remainder of the strand, beginning with the oilsaturated end Wrapping the strand about a rod or spindle of whitefibrous material saturated with mineral oil, and applying heat.

4. The method of treating hair to produce a permanent wave consisting inapplying mineral oil to the ends of the hair of a separated strand,applying a solution containing approximately ten per cent (10%) ofmineral oil to the remainder of the strand, beginning With the oilsaturated end wrapping the strand about a rod or spindle of whitefibrous material saturated with mineral oil, surrounding the wrappedstrand with a pad saturated with said oil solution, applying heat for apredeterminedtime, thereafter allow the wrapped strand to cool, removethe rod or spindle, wash, and finger wave. v

5. A rod or spindle for use in treating hair to provide a permanent waveformed of white closegrained-strong textured fibrous material saturatedwith mineral oil.

MICHEL BECK.

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